Describe about Computer Organization and main memory with diagrams
Computer organization refers to the physical and logical structure of a computer system and how the different components of the system work together. A computer’s main memory, also called RAM (Random Access Memory), is a temporary storage area where the computer stores data and instructions that are currently in use.
Main memory is typically organized into a grid of small memory cells, each of which can store a single binary digit (0 or 1). The memory cells are grouped into larger units called memory blocks or pages, and each block has a unique address. The CPU (Central Processing Unit) can access any memory cell by specifying its address.
A diagram of a computer’s main memory might look like this:
| Memory Address | Memory Cell |
|---|---|
| 0x0000 | 0 |
| 0x0001 | 1 |
| 0x0002 | 0 |
| 0x0003 | 1 |
| … | … |
In this example, each memory cell has a unique address, starting at 0x0000 and incrementing by one for each cell. The value stored in each cell is either 0 or 1.
Another way to represent main memory is with a memory hierarchy diagram, which illustrates the different levels of memory in a computer system and their relative speeds and capacities. This might look something like this:
This diagram shows that the CPU has a small amount of very fast register memory, which it uses to store data it is currently working on. If the data the CPU needs is not in the registers, it looks in the cache memory, which is slightly slower but still very fast. If the data is not in the cache, the CPU looks in main memory. If the data is not in main memory, the CPU looks on the disk drive, which is much slower but has a much larger capacity.
In summary, computer organization refers to the physical and logical structure of a computer system and main memory is the temporary storage area where the computer stores data and instructions that are currently in use. Main memory is typically organized into a grid of small memory cells, each of which can store a single binary digit and the CPU accesses any memory cell by specifying its address.
